Does dry needling hurt? Side effects and safety

The needles used are far finer than injection needles and are solid. Skin entry is not felt by most patients, or is perceived as a very mild prick.

The main sensation comes when the needle reaches the trigger point: a brief, deep, dull ache. It passes within seconds and indicates the technique reached its target.

The involuntary muscle twitch can surprise patients as it is unexpected. It is harmless and a sense of relief usually follows.

Tenderness at the site lasting a day or two is the most common effect and is normal. It resembles the feeling after a hard training session.

Small bruises are not uncommon and resolve on their own. They can be more frequent in people on anticoagulants, which is why medication should be disclosed beforehand.

Some patients experience brief fatigue or mild dizziness afterwards. Sitting for a few minutes after the session is enough for that.

Technique requires particular care over the rib cage because of proximity to the lung. Applied at the correct angle and depth the risk is very low; experience matters here.

Lasting nerve injury has been reported but is very rare. Working with anatomical knowledge and respecting the course of nerves minimises that risk.

Infection risk is negligible with single-use sterile needles and proper skin preparation. Opening the package in front of the patient is standard practice.